Los mayores de 45 años concentran la mitad del empleo en la Industria alimentaria.
- Sin embargo, los jóvenes de 16 a 24 años en el segmento de Industria de la alimentación han crecido un 42,4% en el último año.
- Con más de 552.000 trabajadores, el sector cayó un 0,4% en el segundo trimestre de 2025 y supone el 2,5 % del empleo en España.
- El 76% de los trabajadores de esta industria tienen nacionalidad española, aunque el empleo extranjero crece y alcanza los 104.000 ocupados.
- Cataluña, Andalucía, Comunidad Valenciana y Castilla y León reúnen más de la mitad del empleo del sector en España.
Madrid, 27 de agosto de 2025.- El empleo en la Industria de alimentación y bebidas se enfrenta a un desafío demográfico: el relevo generacional. La plantilla envejece y, desde finales de 2023, el grupo de trabajadores de 45 a 54 años ha superado en número al de 35 a 44, mientras que los mayores de 54 continúan ganando peso. Así lo revela el último informe Mercado de trabajo en el sector de Alimentación y Bebidas, elaborado por Randstad Research, el centro de estudios de Randstad, la empresa de talento número uno en España y el mundo. Además, a este reto demográfico se suma el estancamiento del empleo en el sector, que registró un ligero retroceso interanual del 0,4% en el segundo trimestre de 2025.
El análisis, basado en datos del INE, el SEPE y la Seguridad Social, muestra que en el segundo trimestre de 2025 más de la mitad de los ocupados (54%) tiene entre 35 y 54 años. En cambio, los menores de 34 apenas suponen uno de cada cinco empleos. La situación es aún más evidente en la Industria de la alimentación, donde los mayores de 45 años concentran ya el 49 % del empleo.
Sin embargo, el informe también apunta signos de renovación, ya que los jóvenes de 16 a 24 años en el segmento de la alimentación han aumentado un 42,4% en el último año, y en el de bebidas los profesionales de 25 a 34 años han crecido un 24,5%.
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| [Evolución del empleo por edad. Fuente: INE |
El sector supone el 2,5% del empleo total del país
La Industria de Alimentación y Bebidas se mantiene como uno de los grandes motores del empleo industrial en España, con más de 552.000 trabajadores en activo. A pesar del ligero retroceso interanual anteriormente mencionado, este sector aporta el 2,5% del empleo total del país y el 21,3% de toda la Industria manufacturera.
Por lo que respecta a los datos de ocupación por segmentos del sector, la Industria de la alimentación reúne al 88% de los empleados (483.243 personas). El 12% restante corresponde a la Fabricación de bebidas, con 68.796 ocupados, que ha logrado mantener cierta estabilidad en un contexto de moderada contracción. En este mismo periodo se firmaron más de 160.000 contratos, concretamente, 149.000 en alimentación y cerca de 11.000 en bebidas. De todos ellos, casi nueve de cada diez son asalariados con contrato indefinido.
En cuanto al número de empresas, este ha disminuido durante el segundo trimestre de 2025 tanto en Alimentación como en Bebidas, con pérdidas interanuales del 1,2% y 1,9%, respectivamente. El tamaño medio de las empresas se ha mantenido constante en los últimos trimestres en Fabricación de bebidas, mientras que crece ligeramente en la Industria de la alimentación.
El número de trabajadores extranjeros mantiene una tendencia al alza y alcanza ya los 104.000 trabajadores
El estudio refleja que el 76% de los trabajadores son españoles (421.000) en el segundo trimestre de 2025. Los profesionales con doble nacionalidad registran una notable caída en el último trimestre, mientras que la población extranjera mantiene una tendencia al alza y alcanza ya los 104.000 trabajadores. En concreto, la presencia extranjera es significativa en la Industria de la alimentación, donde, junto a las personas con doble nacionalidad, suponen uno de cada cuatro empleos.
La evolución interanual refleja cambios relevantes. En Alimentación, los ocupados con doble nacionalidad caen un 13,1% y los españoles un 3,2%, mientras que los extranjeros crecen un 15,5%. En Bebidas, la tendencia es distinta, ya que el empleo español aumenta un 6,1% y el extranjero se desploma un 23,4%.
Por sexo, el empleo masculino experimenta una ligera disminución en los últimos trimestres, alcanzando los 336 mil ocupados en el segundo trimestre de 2025, mientras que el empleo femenino crece hasta llegar a 216 mil ocupadas. Aun así, la ocupación sigue siendo mayoritariamente masculina (61%), aunque el empleo femenino crece en el segmento de Alimentación (+5,6% interanual) mientras el masculino cae (-4,5%). En Fabricación de bebidas, el empleo femenino decreció un 19,9% interanualmente en el segundo trimestre de 2025, mientras que el masculino creció un 10,2%.
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| [Ocupación por sexo en segmentos de Alimentación y Bebidas. Fuente: INE] |
Cataluña, Andalucía, Comunidad Valenciana y Castilla y León reúnen más de la mitad del empleo del sector en España
La distribución del empleo en esta industria presenta una fuerte concentración en determinadas comunidades autónomas. Cataluña se sitúa como líder indiscutible, con 95.863 ocupados, lo que supone el 17,3% del empleo nacional del sector. Andalucía ocupa la segunda posición, con 74.283 trabajadores (13,4%), seguida por la Comunidad Valenciana, con 66.314 ocupados (11,9%) y de Castilla y León, con 54.223 ocupados (9,8%).
Entre estas cuatro comunidades se concentra más de la mitad del empleo del sector en España. En el extremo opuesto, Baleares y Canarias muestran los menores niveles de empleo en el sector, con apenas el 1,3 % y el 2,1 % del total nacional, respectivamente.
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| [Distribución de la ocupación del sector por CCAA. Fuente: INE] |
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