“La inteligencia artificial generativa está dando una segunda juventud al talento senior”
Entrevista a Fabiola Pérez, CEO de MIOTI Tech & Business School
En un mundo donde la inteligencia artificial parece avanzar a un ritmo vertiginoso, existe una percepción extendida: que solo los más jóvenes, los llamados nativos digitales, están preparados para aprovechar su potencial. Sin embargo, la realidad es otra. Cada vez más profesionales senior están descubriendo en la IA generativa no una amenaza, sino una aliada que les brinda una segunda juventud profesional.
Fabiola Pérez, ingeniera de telecomunicaciones, experta en inteligencia artificial y CEO de MIOTI Tech & Business School, lidera este cambio de paradigma. Reconocida recientemente como una de las TOP 100 Mujeres Líderes 2025 por El Español, Fabiola defiende que la experiencia, el pensamiento crítico y la visión estratégica del talento senior se potencian con herramientas accesibles, como ChatGPT, capaces de democratizar el uso de la tecnología sin necesidad de saber programar.
- Fabiola, este año has sido reconocida como una de las TOP 100 Mujeres Líderes 2025. ¿Qué significa este reconocimiento para ti y cómo conecta con tu misión de democratizar la tecnología?
Para mí no es un logro individual, sino el resultado del trabajo de toda una compañía. Lo importante es que valida la misión que nos marcamos en MIOTI desde el principio: formar en las profesiones del futuro y divulgar una tecnología que de verdad se pueda aplicar al negocio. Ese compromiso sigue vivo y más actual que nunca.
Democratizar la tecnología no consiste solo en que llegue a más personas, sino en que todas las compañías puedan sacar partido de sus datos. En nuestro caso, con Inteligencia Artificial. Cuando en 2018 lanzamos nuestro primer máster en Ciencia de Datos, ni siquiera hablábamos de IA, pero ya estábamos sentando las bases para esa educación en profesiones que hoy son críticas en las empresas.
Después de ocho años, los datos confirman que aquella misión era necesaria y que ha transformado la manera en que las compañías ofrecen productos y servicios. En este sentido, eso significa que vamos por el buen camino, y que la democratización que planteábamos está ocurriendo y se hace visible en nuestra sociedad
- En un momento en el que la IA generativa parece pensada para “nativos digitales”, ¿cómo está cambiando el panorama al abrirse también a profesionales senior que no son programadores ni perfiles techies?
En realidad, esta tecnología no está pensada para nativos digitales. Es cierto que ellos suelen adoptarla más rápido y con menos barreras mentales, pero el verdadero valor se obtiene en los profesionales senior.
Un estudio de Harvard muestra que, en Estados Unidos, las contrataciones junior han caído casi un 22% mientras que la de perfiles senior han crecido, debido a la adopción de la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa. La clave es que hemos pasado de una interfaz técnica y compleja a una de lenguaje natural. Ya no se trata de programar, sino de formular buenas preguntas e instrucciones claras. Y ahí los senior aportan una ventaja clara, su experiencia y conocimiento sobre el contexto.
En la práctica, se ha eliminado una barrera para los profesionales senior y se ha creado otra para los junior, que ahora necesitan ese conocimiento del sector y del problema que se quiere resolver. No significa que los jóvenes no adopten rápido la tecnología, pero el reto está en la cultura y la mentalidad, no en la habilidad técnica.
Esto nos hace preguntarnos: ¿Cómo vamos a transmitir ese conocimiento sectorial a las nuevas generaciones?
- ¿Cuál es la principal ventaja que aporta la experiencia y el pensamiento crítico de los profesionales senior cuando trabajan con herramientas como ChatGPT, frente a perfiles más junior?
La experiencia y el pensamiento crítico permiten generar un contexto más claro y preciso. Así, la principal ventaja de un profesional senior radica en su capacidad para analizar un reto desde distintos ángulos y prever las posibles consecuencias. En cambio, un junior tiende a ir directo a la solución sin valorar todas las implicaciones.
- Muchos senior ya dieron un primer salto con herramientas como WhatsApp, LinkedIn, plataformas de videollamadas en su vida profesional. ¿Estamos viendo un proceso parecido con la adopción de la IA generativa como asistente diario?
Sí, totalmente. Los senior ya superaron la adopción de tecnologías como la mensajería instantánea o las redes sociales profesionales. Ahora pasa lo mismo con la IA generativa, pero lo único que necesitan es un cambio de mentalidad.
Los jóvenes iteran más, prueban y fallan sin problema. Los senior iteran menos. Por eso, a los junior hay que darles experiencia y contexto, y a los senior, habilidades de flexibilidad cognitiva. A ninguno hay que enseñarle tecnología como tal, porque ese ya no es el obstáculo. El verdadero cambio de paradigma es otro.
No se trata tanto de juntar generaciones, sino de enseñar habilidades complementarias. El junior puede aprender fácilmente de la experiencia del senior, pero este último necesita un cambio de mentalidad, una especie de “pastilla roja de Matrix”.
- Algunos temen que la IA sustituya puestos de trabajo, pero tú hablas de la IA como aliada. ¿Cómo puede convertirse en una herramienta para que el talento senior siga liderando en las organizaciones?
La IA puede convertirse en una aliada al potenciar precisamente al talento senior en aquellas habilidades que no dependen solo de la técnica: pensamiento crítico, criterio y flexibilidad cognitiva.
Según un estudio de Goldman Sachs, solo un 7% de los puestos serán sustituidos, lo que ocurrirá realmente es una transformación de los roles. Es cierto que habrá una hiperautomatización de algunas tareas, pero eso no implica desaparecer, sino adaptarse.
Me gusta recordar el ejemplo de las “calculadoras humanas” que aprendieron el lenguaje de programación Fortran en su momento. Antes, el valor residía en la tecnificación; hoy, en el pensamiento crítico. Conocer las herramientas es necesario, pero lo que marca la diferencia es cómo las aplicas con criterio y experiencia.
- Desde MIOTI impulsáis programas de reskilling. ¿Qué tipo de formación o dinámicas funcionan mejor para integrar la IA en el día a día de profesionales de más de 50 años?
En este caso, las dinámicas que mejor funcionan son los workshops prácticos combinados con ejercicios de discusión sobre casos de uso reales. Al trabajar con ejemplos concretos, los profesionales pierden el miedo a la tecnología, entienden dónde aporta valor y aplican lo aprendido directamente en su día a día.
- ¿Puedes compartir algún caso inspirador de un perfil senior que haya transformado su forma de trabajar gracias a la IA generativa?
Sí, me vienen a la cabeza varios. Por ejemplo, tenemos personas en nuestro equipo de MIOTI Data & AI Services, el área de innovación y desarrollo, que se han incorporado al mundo de la IA con más de 40 años para crear proyectos para empresas. Y también recuerdo el caso de un CEO de una empresa de traducción audiovisual, de más de 50 años, que se acercó a MIOTI para explorar cómo podía montar un proyecto de IA de voz y transformar así su negocio.
- La colaboración intergeneracional es un reto en muchas empresas. ¿Qué oportunidades abre la IA para que la visión estratégica de los senior se combine con la fluidez digital de los más jóvenes?
La Inteligencia Artificial hace más necesario que nunca favorecer espacios donde talento junior y senior colaboren, “ágoras de talento” por así decirlo. El becario ya no es la persona que hace tareas rutinarias, porque eso lo hace la IA. Por ello, debemos volver al concepto de “aprendiz”, y hacer referencia a alguien que convive con el senior para absorber conocimiento y experiencia.
Al mismo tiempo, los jóvenes, con su naturalidad en el uso de la tecnología, ayudan a los senior en su cambio de mentalidad.
- Si tuvieras que desmontar un mito sobre la relación entre senioridad y tecnología, ¿cuál elegirías?
Siempre hay este mito de que, a cierta edad, ya no se puede aprender tecnología. Y no es cierto, yo he tenido alumnos de máster con más de 40 años que aprendieron a programar. Al final, aprender tecnología es posible, lo complicado es cambiar la mentalidad. Y con la IA generativa, que se maneja en lenguaje natural, todavía es más accesible.
- ¿Cómo imaginas el futuro del talento senior dentro de 5 o 10 años en un mundo donde la IA ya forma parte natural del trabajo?
Lo imagino más dinámico, menos rutinario, con trabajos más retadores. Con la IA como copiloto, las tareas repetitivas desaparecen y queda más espacio para lo estratégico y para seguir aprendiendo constantemente.
Creo que veremos un florecer de startups impulsadas por talento senior, resolviendo problemas muy específicos en sectores que conocen a fondo. El gran reto seguirá siendo el cambio de mentalidad. Y los profesionales senior que lo abracen más rápido serán los que encuentren más oportunidades.
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