España crea más de 4 millones de puestos de trabajo en diez años y rebaja el desempleo en 12 puntos.
- Randstad Research celebra su décimo aniversario con más de 630 informes desarrollados.
- El servicio de estudios de la consultora de talento ha analizado en los últimos diez años el mercado de trabajo y las tendencias de RRHH en España.
- El aumento de la ocupación, el descenso del paro, el alza del absentismo, el relevo generacional o el auge del teletrabajo son algunos de los hitos tratados en este periodo.
Randstad Research, el servicio de estudios de Randstad, la empresa de talento número uno en España y el mundo, celebra su décimo aniversario en España. Diez años en el que su equipo de economistas ha desarrollado más de 630 contenidos y más de 80 presentaciones públicas relacionadas con el mercado de trabajo y los Recursos Humanos.
Gracias a ello, más de 34.000 suscriptores confían en los análisis y estudios de Randstad Research, ya que explican con todo detalle la evolución del empleo, grandes tendencias y previsiones macroeconómicas y laborales.
Randstad Research ha explicado a lo largo de todo este tiempo lo acontecido en el mercado laboral español, con ciclos económicos, una pandemia, cambios de gobierno, reformas laborales, etc. Todo ello, acompañado de tendencias que han supuesto un fuerte impacto en la manera en cómo trabajamos, como el impulso del teletrabajo o el desarrollo de la IA.
“Nuestro objetivo ha sido siempre acercar con la máxima rigurosidad la situación del mercado laboral a las personas interesadas en conocer su evolución y, en general, al conjunto de la sociedad española”, apunta Valentín Bote, director de Randstad Research. Por ello, todos los documentos surgidos del departamento están a disposición de forma gratuita en la web de Randstad Research.
Además, para conmemorar este décimo aniversario, el departamento ha elaborado el informe “10 años, 10 transformaciones del mercado laboral”, que repasa lo que, a su juicio, son los diez grandes hitos que ha experimentado el mercado laboral español en este periodo.
10 años, 10 transformaciones del mercado laboral
1. Más de cuatro millones de nuevos empleos
El mercado laboral se ha caracterizado por una gran fortaleza en la última década. Las cifras de ocupados han pasado de cerca de 17,5 millones de personas a estar en casi 22,3 millones en el segundo trimestre de 2025.
En este periodo, la creación de puestos de trabajo ha sido algo más intensa entre las mujeres. También se ha incrementado el peso de los ocupantes con alta cualificación y de los asalariados con contrato indefinido. La población ocupada ha envejecido, con un aumento de 7 puntos de los trabajadores de más de 55 años.
2. Un entorno laboral marcado por la escasez de talento
La dificultad para cubrir posiciones clave (déficit de talento) ha crecido de forma inexorable en España y en prácticamente todos los países desarrollados. Según los estudios regulares de Randstad Research, la proporción de empresas que han experimentado dificultades para cubrir posiciones clave ha pasado del 55% en 2019 al 76% de este año.
3. Se disparan los trabajadores extranjeros
Más de la mitad del aumento del empleo en la última década ha sido ocupado por trabajadores de procedencia extranjera. A principios de 2015, los extranjeros representaban el 12,7% de los ocupados, mientras que en 2025 superan el 21%. En cifras absolutas supone un aumento de 2,5 millones de ocupados con nacionalidad extranjera.
4. El absentismo laboral sigue creciendo
La evolución del absentismo en la última década refleja un crecimiento continuado, pasando del 4,5% en 2015 a niveles de récord histórico, por encima del 7%, en 2025. El protagonismo de dicho aumento es, en su totalidad, el absentismo por baja médica (IT), que prácticamente ha duplicado sus niveles en el periodo referido y ya es el causante de que el 5,5% de las horas pactadas en España no se trabaje, según los informes trimestrales que realiza Randstad Research.
5. La tasa de paro se reduce a la mitad
En los últimos diez años, la tasa de paro ha caído en picado, al pasar del 22% en 2015 a cifras cercanas al 10% en la primera mitad de 2025, con un decrecimiento que solo se vio interrumpido durante la pandemia. El descenso ha sido particularmente intenso entre los más jóvenes, con una clara confluencia a la media del segmento de edad de 25 a 34 años.
6. Se agrava el problema del relevo generacional
El descenso de la natalidad y el consiguiente envejecimiento de la población está impactando en el mercado laboral. La población en edad laboral en la franja de 55 a 64 años ha aumentado en 2,3 puntos en una década y, además, por cada cien personas que en los próximos diez años dejará de estar en edad laboral solo llegarán 73 jóvenes (tasa de reemplazo), como señala el reciente informe El reto generacional en el mercado laboral, elaborado por Randstad Research.
A lo largo de la última década, el peso de los jóvenes en la población ocupada ha disminuido o se ha mantenido estable en la mayoría de los sectores, con pocas excepciones. En cambio, la proporción que los mayores de 50 años representan ha aumentado notablemente.
7. Menos temporalidad y más mortalidad de los indefinidos
La reforma laboral de 2021 tuvo como principal objetivo, al eliminar el contrato temporal por obra y servicio, canalizar dichos trabajadores temporales al ámbito de los contratos fijos discontinuos. Las consecuencias de ello han sido la disminución en el número total de contratos firmados y el aumento de la proporción de indefinidos, que se ha estabilizado en el entorno del 45% del total de contratos firmados.
La cobertura de necesidades laborales temporales con contratos indefinidos, tras la reforma laboral, ha tenido otra consecuencia más desestabilizadora: el fuerte crecimiento de la mortalidad de los nuevos contratos indefinidos firmados. Una manifestación clara es la de las personas que firman más de un indefinido dentro del mismo mes.
8. El teletrabajo se consolida tras la pandemia
El cambio estructural del mercado laboral en la última década ha sido la consolidación del teletrabajo, que se ha estabilizado alrededor del 15% y, mayoritariamente, en ciudades como Madrid o Barcelona. Como referencia, en 2015, solo el 6,5% de los ocupados en España teletrabajaba ocasional o regularmente.
Pese a su importante crecimiento, el peso del teletrabajo en España está muy alejado del promedio de la Unión Europea (22,6%), ocupando el puesto 16 dentro de la UE27. Las modalidades de trabajo híbridas, con un teletrabajo ocasional, son mucho más frecuentes en la UE y son los que explican gran parte de la implantación.
9. La IA se extiende por el mercado laboral
La extensión de la IA es, junto al teletrabajo, otro de los grandes elementos disruptivos que impacta en el mercado laboral. En muy pocos años, entre 2021 y 2024, la proporción de grandes empresas que emplea dicha tecnología ha aumentado 12 puntos en España, y ya se sitúa por encima del 45%.
El impacto en términos cuantitativos en el mercado laboral es todavía reducido, como analizó Randstad Research en el informe IA y mercado de trabajo en España, pero el potencial en los próximos años es muy elevado.
10. La conciliación gana peso entre los empleados
Aunque el salario se mantiene como principal elemento motivacional a la hora de decantarse por un empleo, la conciliación entre la vida profesional y la privada gana peso en las últimas décadas, según los estudios anuales de Randstad Employer Brand, superando a otros elementos, como el ambiente de trabajo, la seguridad laboral o las oportunidades de carrera.
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