Empresa y Salud

ERGONOMÍA EN EL TRABAJO: CINCO CLAVES PARA MEJORAR LA HIGIENE POSTURAL Y PREVENIR LESIONES A LARGO PLAZO

  • Las jornadas interminables frente al ordenador y la falta de movimiento contribuyen a problemas como el dolor de espalda, de cuello o de muñecas.
  • Aunque a menudo no se asocie con un riesgo directo, mantener una postura incorrecta durante mucho tiempo puede derivar en lesiones importantes que pueden llegar a cronificarse.
  • Sentarse correctamente, cambiar de postura frecuentemente o tomarse descansos para ejercitar y estirar los músculos son algunas de las prácticas que los expertos de Cigna Healthcare comparten para contribuir a una buena higiene postural.

Madrid, 21 de noviembre de 2024. En la sociedad actual, el trabajo ocupa una parte significativa de la rutina diaria, lo que, en muchos casos, implica estar sentado delante del escritorio durante largos periodos de tiempo. Las jornadas interminables frente al ordenador y el sedentarismo fomentan dolores de espalda, de cuello o de muñecas, entre otros, que si no se corrigen, pueden derivar en trastornos musculoesqueléticos crónicos que pueden, incluso, requerir tratamiento médico.

Mantener una buena higiene postural se ha vuelto una necesidad para cuidar la salud física a largo plazo, especialmente dentro del entorno laboral. La ergonomía, cuyo objetivo es adaptar los espacios y herramientas de trabajo a las necesidades del cuerpo humano, es la medida preventiva fundamental para evitar lesiones musculoesqueléticas, tales como lumbalgia, tortícolis, tendinitis o el “codo de tenista», entre otros trastornos. Este problema se vuelve aún más relevante al considerar que, según el estudio Cigna International Health, el 15% de los españoles no acude al médico o a un especialista a pesar de tener alguna dolencia que necesite atención médica. Y es que, según el Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (INSST), las malas posturas y el sedentarismo figuran entre las principales causas de los trastornos musculoesqueléticos (TME), que, a su vez, representan en torno al 70% de todas las enfermedades profesionales. Además, afectan a una gran parte de la población activa en España y representan uno de los mayores riesgos ergonómicos en el país. Pese a ser las más comunes, las dolencias musculoesqueléticas no son las únicas derivadas de una mala postura. No mantener una distancia correcta entre la silla y la pantalla puede ocasionar problemas de vista, provocando fatiga visual, visión borrosa, irritación en los ojos o, en algunos casos, mareos.

Así lo explica la Dra. Daniela Silva, especialista en Medicina Interna y E-Health Medical Manager de Cigna Healthcare España“una postura incorrecta puede ser muy negativa para nuestra salud física, provocando una tensión excesiva en los músculos y generando una presión adicional sobre la columna vertebral y las estructuras cervicales. Esto se manifiesta en dolores de espalda, hombros y cuello. Además, una mala postura puede dificultar el flujo sanguíneo hacia los ojos, aumentando la presión intraocular, lo que a su vez puede provocar problemas de vista y ocasionar dolor de cabeza. Esta situación se agrava aún más cuando estamos estresados, ya que, bajo presión, perdemos la consciencia de nuestra postura, pasamos largas horas sin movernos e, incluso, tendemos a acercarnos demasiado al monitor para ver mejor. Todo esto contribuye a un círculo vicioso que afecta nuestra salud física y bienestar general”.

Si bien las lesiones ergonómicas pueden ser difíciles de tratar, muchas de ellas pueden evitarse con medidas preventivas simples, como mantener una postura adecuada. Por ello, los expertos deCigna Healthcare comparten cinco claves para garantizar una higiene postural:

  • Sentarse correctamente. Pasar largas jornadas sentado con una postura incorrecta, aumenta la presión sobre los discos colocados entre las vértebras de la columna. La función de estos discos es amortiguar el movimiento y el peso. Por lo tanto, como consecuencia de una mala postura pueden aparecer dolores musculares en la zona, como la lumbalgia, y hernias discales. Por ello, es recomendable sentarse lo más atrás posibleen la silla y que los muslos y la cadera queden bien apoyados para evitar el encorvamiento de la espalda.
  • Cambiar de postura regularmente. La rigidez y la tensión muscular son comunes cuando se permanece en la misma posición por mucho tiempo. Si se adoptanmalas posturas de manera prolongada, la espalda puede sufrir lesiones como desviaciones de la columna -escoliosis, cifosis, lordosis…-, dolor en la zona lumbar o cervical, hernias discales y contracturas musculares, entre otras. Además, la sobrecarga de trabajo y el uso repetitivo de los músculos pueden causar el síndrome cervical por tensión, que se presenta con dolor y contracturas en la región cervical posterior. Para evitar estos problemas, es conveniente cambiar de postura cada 30 minutos, aproximadamente, y practicar estiramientos o ejercicios como el yoga para aliviar la tensión muscular y evitar la rigidez.
  • Tomar pequeños descansos. Cada cierto tiempo, es recomendable hacer pausas cortas, levantarse y estirar las piernas. Estos descansos breves no solo ayudan a relajar los músculos, sino que también mejoran la concentración y el rendimiento. Además, el descanso ocular es crucial para prevenir la fatiga visual, que es un problema común para quienes pasan mucho tiempo frente a pantallas y que puede causar visión borrosa, irritación ocular y dolores de cabeza. Aprovechar estas pausas para dar pequeños paseos o simplemente levantarse para hablar por teléfono puede ayudar a relajar la musculatura, los ojos y liberar la tensión acumulada en el cuerpo.
  • Las manos, clave en una buena postura. La adopción de posturas forzadas de la muñeca puede conducir al síndrome del túnel carpiano, que es la compresión del nervio mediano a su paso por la muñeca. Este síndrome se presenta con mayor frecuencia en las mujeres y comienza con alteraciones de sensibilidad en los primeros tres dedos de la mano, junto con sensaciones de calor, hormigueo y dolor en la palma y los dedos. Para prevenir esta afección, es importante evitar mantener las muñecas en flexión o extensión excesiva durante períodos prolongados y hacer pausas para estirar las manos y toda la zona de alrededor con pequeños ejercicios de rotación o estiramientos de los dedos.
  • Usar mobiliario ergonómico. Actualmente, existen elementos de oficina ergonómicos verificados por la Asociación Internacional de Ergonomía (IEA), tales como sillas, cojines, reposamuñecas o reposapiés, que pueden ayudar a mantener una buena postura. Y, pese a que están diseñados específicamente para ayudar a mantener una postura saludable, estos elementos proporcionan un apoyo adicional, pero no sustituyen la importancia de la postura correcta.

Publicaciones relacionadas

38 comentarios

  1. I have really noticed that fixing credit activity really needs to be conducted with techniques. If not, it’s possible you’ll find yourself destroying your rank. In order to realize your aspirations in fixing your credit ranking you have to be careful that from this second you pay all your monthly costs promptly in advance of their scheduled date. Really it is significant on the grounds that by not really accomplishing that area, all other activities that you will choose to use to improve your credit rating will not be useful. Thanks for giving your suggestions.

  2. http://www.arttree.com.au is Australia Popular Online Art Store. We sell Canvas Prints, Handmade Canvas Oil Paintings, Customer Artwork, Handmade Canvas Portraits. We Offer Year Round Sale and Get Up-to 70 Percent OFF Discount. We give FREE Delivery Australia, Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, Hobart and all regional areas. We ship Worldwide at many international locations.

  3. I?m impressed, I need to say. Really hardly ever do I encounter a weblog that?s each educative and entertaining, and let me inform you, you’ve gotten hit the nail on the head. Your concept is outstanding; the difficulty is something that not enough individuals are speaking intelligently about. I’m very completely satisfied that I stumbled throughout this in my search for one thing relating to this.

  4. We’re a group of volunteers and opening a new scheme in our community. Your web site provided us with valuable info to work on. You have done a formidable job and our entire community will be thankful to you.

  5. Thanks for discussing your ideas in this article. The other issue is that when a problem appears with a computer motherboard, persons should not have some risk associated with repairing the item themselves for if it is not done properly it can lead to permanent damage to an entire laptop. It is almost always safe to approach any dealer of any laptop for any repair of its motherboard. They will have technicians with an know-how in dealing with laptop motherboard issues and can have the right prognosis and perform repairs.

  6. Write more, thats all I have to say. Literally, it seems as though you relied on the video to make your point. You definitely know what youre talking about, why throw away your intelligence on just posting videos to your site when you could be giving us something informative to read?

  7. I believe that avoiding packaged foods is a first step for you to lose weight. They could taste beneficial, but packaged foods have got very little nutritional value, making you consume more just to have enough strength to get over the day. When you are constantly having these foods, converting to whole grain products and other complex carbohydrates will help you have more power while ingesting less. Good blog post.

  8. One thing I’d prefer to say is the fact that car insurance cancellations is a hated experience and if you are doing the right things as being a driver you’ll not get one. A lot of people do obtain notice that they have been officially dumped by their particular insurance company they then have to scramble to get further insurance from a cancellation. Cheap auto insurance rates are often hard to get from a cancellation. Having the main reasons for auto insurance cancelling can help motorists prevent burning off one of the most vital privileges out there. Thanks for the thoughts shared by means of your blog.

  9. I will also like to state that most individuals who find themselves without having health insurance are typically students, self-employed and those that are laid-off. More than half with the uninsured are under the age of Thirty five. They do not think they are needing health insurance because they are young plus healthy. Its income is typically spent on houses, food, and also entertainment. A lot of people that do go to work either complete or part-time are not made available insurance by their work so they proceed without with the rising tariff of health insurance in the United States. Thanks for the tips you discuss through this website.

  10. Interesting blog post. The things i would like to contribute is that pc memory is required to be purchased in case your computer is unable to cope with everything you do with it. One can put in two good old ram boards having 1GB each, in particular, but not one of 1GB and one with 2GB. One should look for the manufacturer’s documentation for one’s PC to ensure what type of storage is essential.

  11. It’s a pity you don’t have a donate button! I’d without a doubt donate to this brilliant blog! I suppose for now i’ll settle for book-marking and adding your RSS feed to my Google account. I look forward to new updates and will talk about this site with my Facebook group. Talk soon!

  12. It’s the best time to make a few plans for the longer term and it’s time to be happy. I have read this publish and if I may just I desire to suggest you few fascinating things or suggestions. Maybe you could write next articles referring to this article. I wish to read even more issues about it!

  13. Good article. It is rather unfortunate that over the last ten years, the travel industry has had to handle terrorism, SARS, tsunamis, influenza, swine flu, as well as the first ever real global economic depression. Through everthing the industry has proven to be powerful, resilient plus dynamic, locating new methods to deal with misfortune. There are often fresh problems and opportunity to which the business must yet again adapt and respond.

  14. This site is really a walk-by way of for all the info you needed about this and didn?t know who to ask. Glimpse here, and also you?ll definitely uncover it.

  15. The other day, while I was at work, my cousin stole my iphone and tested to see if it can survive a forty foot drop, just so she can be a youtube sensation. My apple ipad is now broken and she has 83 views. I know this is entirely off topic but I had to share it with someone!

  16. You really make it appear so easy together with your presentation however I find this matter to be really something which I believe I would by no means understand. It kind of feels too complex and very vast for me. I’m looking forward on your next post, I?ll attempt to get the hang of it!

  17. I’m in awe of the author’s ability to make complicated concepts accessible to readers of all backgrounds. This article is a testament to her expertise and passion to providing helpful insights. Thank you, author, for creating such an engaging and enlightening piece. It has been an unforgettable experience to read!

  18. With havin so much written content do you ever run into any issues of plagorism or copyright violation? My site has a lot of completely unique content I’ve either created myself or outsourced but it seems a lot of it is popping it up all over the internet without my agreement. Do you know any techniques to help stop content from being stolen? I’d definitely appreciate it.

  19. Thanks for your article. One other thing is that if you are disposing your property by yourself, one of the difficulties you need to be conscious of upfront is how to deal with property inspection reviews. As a FSBO home owner, the key about successfully switching your property and also saving money in real estate agent commissions is know-how. The more you know, the simpler your property sales effort will likely be. One area in which this is particularly vital is inspection reports.

  20. One more thing. I really believe that there are several travel insurance websites of trustworthy companies than enable you to enter a trip details and find you the quotations. You can also purchase an international holiday insurance policy on the web by using your own credit card. All you need to do should be to enter your current travel details and you can understand the plans side-by-side. You only need to find the system that suits your budget and needs and use your bank credit card to buy that. Travel insurance on the web is a good way to take a look for a dependable company regarding international travel cover. Thanks for giving your ideas.

  21. Hello! This is kind of off topic but I need some help from an established blog. Is it very hard to set up your own blog? I’m not very techincal but I can figure things out pretty quick. I’m thinking about setting up my own but I’m not sure where to begin. Do you have any ideas or suggestions? Many thanks

Responder a Bk8 Cancelar la respuesta

Tu dirección de correo electrónico no será publicada. Los campos obligatorios están marcados con *

Botón volver arriba